Birhanu Geta Meharie
Dehnnet Abebe Gashu
Abebe Dagne Taye
Getinet Nibret Alemie
Getnet Tadege Bizuayehu
Yared Yibeltal Lulie
Tewodros Agedew Tunta
Yenesew Wudu Ejigu
Abel Andualem
Mekuanint Terefe Kassa
Diuretic efficacy and phytochemical profiling of the 80% methanol extract of Sida schimperiana Hochst. ex A. Rich
Birhanu Geta Meharie
Dehnnet Abebe Gashu
Abebe Dagne Taye
Getinet Nibret Alemie
Getnet Tadege Bizuayehu
Yared Yibeltal Lulie
Tewodros Agedew Tunta
Yenesew Wudu Ejigu
Abel Andualem
Mekuanint Terefe Kassa
Department of Pharmacy, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Amhara, Ethiopia
Department of Pharmacy, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Amhara, Ethiopia
Department of Pharmacy, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Amhara, Ethiopia
Department of Pharmacy, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Amhara, Ethiopia
Department of Pharmacy, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Amhara, Ethiopia
Department of Pharmacy, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Amhara, Ethiopia
Department of Pharmacy, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
Department of Pharmacy, Wollo University, Dessie, Amhara, Ethiopia
Department of Pharmacy, Wollo University, Dessie, Amhara, Ethiopia
School of Medicine, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Amhara, Ethiopia
Received: 27 November 2024 / Revised: 31 March 2025 / Accepted: 6 April 2025 / Published: 30 September 2025
Abstract
Introduction and aim. Diuretics are used for edema, heart failure, and hypertension, but may cause side effects and resistance. Sida schimperiana is used for urinary retention in Ethiopian folk medicine, although its diuretic effects are unverified. This study aims to evaluate the diuretic potential and phytochemical content of the 80% methanol extract of S. schimperiana.
Material and methods. Male rats were administered distilled water (2 mL/100 g), furosemide (10 mg/kg), or 80% methanol extract (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg). Diuretic effects were assessed by monitoring urination onset, urine volume, electrolyte levels, and pH. Phytochemical analysis was performed to explore underlying diuretic mechanisms.
Results. The 80% methanol extract demonstrated significant diuretic and natriuretic effects in a dose- and time-dependent manner, surpassing the negative control. At doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg, diuresis (p<0.001) and sodium and chloride excretion (p<0.001) were notably increased at all time points. The treated group also showed significant changes in urine pH. Phytochemical analysis identified alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenols, and tannins, with high concentrations of flavonoids (187.3 mg quercetin equivalent/g) and polyphenols (128.4 mg quercetin equivalent/g).
Conclusion. This study affirmed the methanolic extract’s diuretic potency, comparable to furosemide, emphasizing its prospective therapeutic value.
Cite
Meharie BG, Gashu DA, Taye AD, et al. Diuretic efficacy and phytochemical profiling of the 80% methanol extract of Sida schimperiana Hochst. ex A. Rich. Eur J Clin Exp Med. 2025;23(3):578–588. doi: 10.15584/ejcem.2025.3.8.
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